Generate Ethereum Private Key Javascript

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To generate a new wallet first we need to import the go-ethereumcrypto package that provides the GenerateKey method for generating a random private key.

Then we can convert it to bytes by importing the golangcrypto/ecdsa package and using the FromECDSA method.

We can now convert it to a hexadecimal string by using the go-ethereumhexutil package which provides the Encode method which takes a byte slice. Then we strip of the 0x after it's hex encoded.

Wallet software may use a BIP 32 seed to generate many private keys and corresponding public keys from a single secret value. This is called a hierarchical deterministic wallet, or HD wallet for short. The seed value, or master extended key, consists of a 256-bit private key and a.

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  • Complete ownership of your public and private keys for Bitcoin and Ethereum cryptocurrencies. Complete ownership of the source codes (coded with Java programming language) to create private keys — open-source software.
  • This will generate a pair of password-protected public/private keys inside the /keystore folder. By default, Ethereum will store everything inside the folder except for the PoW Ethash DAG. Geth account new -datadir If datadir parameter is not provided, the default paths for will be used.
  • Wallet software may use a BIP 32 seed to generate many private keys and corresponding public keys from a single secret value. This is called a hierarchical deterministic wallet, or HD wallet for short. The seed value, or master extended key, consists of a 256-bit private key and a 256-bit chain code, for 512 bits in total.

This is the private key which is used for signing transactions and is to be treated like a password and never be shared, since who ever is in possesion of it will have access to all your funds.

Since the public key is derived from the private key, go-ethereum's crypto private key has a Public method that will return the public key.

Converting it to hex is a similar process that we went through with the private key. We strip off the 0x and the first 2 characters 04 which is always the EC prefix and is not required.

Now that we have the public key we can easily generate the public address which is what you're used to seeing. In order to do that, the go-ethereum crypto package has a PubkeyToAddress method which accepts an ECDSA public key, and returns the public address.

The public address is simply the Keccak-256 hash of the public key, and then we take the last 40 characters (20 bytes) and prefix it with 0x. Here's how you can do it manually using the go-ethereum's crypto/sha3 Keccak256 functions.

Full code

Mining, cryptocurrencies, Ethereum blockchain, crypto trading platforms (here's how to build one, by the way) - this whole relatively new blockchain thing caught my eye a few years ago and the interest only kept increasing.

I'm saying 'relatively new' because even though the actual concept was devised in 1991, the first practical implementation was effected in 2008 by the elusive Satoshi Nakamoto.

With this brief history behind us, we will focus on the second publicly available blockchain, Ethereum (a more flexible and robust implementation of the concept).

It’s going to be a 4-part series covering the workshops I'm running for my local developers community at FullStack Cluj within the following weeks:

  1. Build Your Own Private Ethereum Blockchain with Geth
  2. Build Your Own Private Ethereum Blockchain with Parity
  3. Setup Proof of Authority Consensus on Private Ethereum Blockchains
  4. Automate Blockchain Creation with Puppeth.

So let’s get this going.

First off, we need to install Geth which is one of the 3 original implementations (Go, C++ and Pyhton) of the Ethereum protocol.

To install geth on Mac OS X, we assume you already have Homebrew on your machine. In case you don't, follow this link.

Installing geth on Ubuntu is as straightforward as installing any other package.

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And for Windows, you can follow this link.

We will now create 2 accounts, one that we'll seed at genesis and another one we'll use for the miner.

To do so, we will run the following command twice and it will ask for a passphrase on each run.

Under no circumstance should you forget the passphrase you're going to set.

This will generate a pair of password-protected public/private keys inside the <data-dir>/keystore folder. By default, Ethereum will store everything inside the <data-dir> folder except for the PoW Ethash DAG.

If datadir parameter is not provided, the default paths for <data-dir> will be used.

  • Mac: ~/.ethereum
  • Linux: ~/.ethereum
  • Windows: %APPDATA%Ethereum

From this point on, consider the following addresses as the ones generated above.

  • seed 0x6d5da05a98f04de068418051512f3e965ee8dfca
  • miner 0x632d167d2eef0f7c1fa37fcc4777d26fe6df944b

The genesis block is what differentiates between all the Ethereum blockchains. Being the first block in the blockchain and having no reference to a previous one, this block is unique in its own way.

Inside the <data-dir> folder we will create a file called genesis.json with the following content:

config

  • chainId - this is your chain identifier, it can be any number at random and it will be used in replay protection.
  • homesteadBlock, eip155Block, eip158Block, byzantiumBlock - these represent the versions of the blockchain. Since we will start from scratch, all the changes in these versions will be available starting with block 0.

difficulty

This property dictates how hard is to mine a block by directly influencing the nonce applied in the discovery process.

gasLimit

This represents the maximum ammount of gas used on each block. Due to the low mining difficulty we set for the genesis block above, we still want the gas limit pretty high so we don't hit it. This way, we avoid slowing the network.

aloc

In this section we prealocate Ether to the specified accounts. Heads up: this will not create the addresses, you should already have them.

So far, we installed all the prerequisites and configured the node, now the real fun begins.

1. Instantiate The Data Directory

If everything went ok you should have an output similar to this:

2. Start The Node

The networkId we set in the genesis block helps ensuring your network privacy. If other peers want to join your network, they will have to use the same networkId.

The output should be similar to this:

Since we created the accounts with geth inside the same <data-dir> folder and we allocated some Ether in the genesis block to one of the addreses, it was already set as the main account for this instance of the node.

Thus, we can do something like this:

3. Start Another Peer

On the same machine we will start another peer for the miner and for this step we'll create a new <data-dir> (let's call it <peer-data-dir>), copy the miner private key generated above inside the keystore folder, and then start a new peer.

We will then initialize the data dir.

Then start the second peer.

The output should be similar to the one we had above, the difference being the default address which should be the miner one.

4. Connect Peers Together

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To connect the peers together we require the enode address of the first peer. To get this, in the console of the initial peer we run:

This should return something like:

With this information we run in the console of the second peer:

5. Start The Miner

Ethereum

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Checking the initial balance of the miner account should return 0 as we did not prealocate any funds to this account.

Next, we set the miner address as the payout address for the miner.

And then we start the miner.

After generating the DAG, the miner should start pushing blocks.

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And the initial peer should start importing.

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Once we stop the miner and check the balance again, we see that after 20 blocks mined the account has 60 Ether.

Having gotten this far, you should now have a basic understanding of how to set up you private Ethereum blockchain.

As mentioned in the introduction, you're currently reading the first article in a series so if you want to build your blockchain further, make sure you check the next one (by following Around25 on Twitter, LinkedIn, or Facebook). There, we’ll dig in a different implementation of the Ethereum protocol by parity.

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Oh, and one more thing: want to challenge the ideas above, ask any questions or just learn more about how we do blockchain? Check this page or request our expertise here.